La Zouche

The Arms of La Zouche: Gules nine bezants or.

1. Elizabeth La Zouche: Born before 1287, she was a child bride; Died before 12 July 1311; Married before 20 January 1287/1288; Sir Nicholas De Poyntz: Born about 1278; Died before 12 July 1311. (See Newberry)

2. Eudo (Eon) La Zouche: Born before 1251, of Haryngworth; Died between 28 April and 25 June 1279; Married before 13 December 1273; Millicent De Cantelupe: Died about 1299.

Millicent's Parents and Grandfather--

• I. William, 3rd Baron De Cantelupe, Baron Abergavenny: Born about 1216, Calne, Wiltshire, England, also of Aston Cantelupe, Warwickshire, England; Died 25 September 1254, Calstone, Wiltshire England; Buried Studley; Married 25 July 1238; Eva De Braiose: Born about 1220, of Bramber, Sussex, England; Died 28 July 1255. (See De Braiose) William succeeded his father as Baron Cantelupe in 1251, though the King is described as treating him with harshness. He was in Gascony with the King in 1253. He died in 1254, and was buried at Studley. The great Earl Simon De Montfort was one of those who laid him in the grave.
  • A. William, 2nd Baron De Cantelupe: Born about 1185, of Bowden and Market Harborough, England; Died about 1240/1241; Married about 1215; Milicent Gournai: Born about 1189, of Ashby, Buckinghamshire, England; Died 1260. (See Saint John)

Eudo's Parents--

3. Alan La Zouche, Baron of Ashby: Born about 1203, of Ashby La Zouche, Leicestershire, England; Died 10 August 1270, England; Married Before 1242, of Winchester, Hampshire, England; Helen (Ellen) De Quincy: Born about 1222, of Winchester, Hampshire, England; Died Before 20 August 1296, England. (See De Quincy #2)

4. Roger La Zouche, Sheriff of Devonshire: Born about 1182, of Ashby, Leicestershire, England; Died before 14 May 1238; Married about 1204; Margaret (La Zouche): Born about 1200. Died after 28 January 1232. Roger was a witness to Henry III's Confirmation of the Magna Carta.

5. Alan La Ceoche (La Zouche), Lord of Ashby and North Molton: Born about 1157, probably France, also of Harringworth, Northamptonshire, England; Died 1190, England; Married about 1181, of Josselin, Morbihan, France; Alice (Adeleza) De Belmeis: Born about 1160, of Harringworth, Northamptonshire, England.

Alice' Parents, Grandparents and both sets of Maternal Great-Grandparents--

• I. Phillip De Belmeis, Lord of Tong, Salop and Ashby: Born about 1110, of Harringworth, Northamptonshire, England; Married before 1139; Maud Le Meschin: Born about 1110, of Harringworth, Northamptonshire, England; Died after 1190.
• Phillip's Father, Grandfather and Great-Grandfather--
  • A. Walter De Belmeis: Born about 1080, of Harringworth, Northamptonshire, England.
    • i. Richard De Belmeis: Born about 1048, of Harringworth, Northamptonshire, England.
      • a. Robert De Beaumeis: Born about 1022.

• Maud's Parents--
  • B. William Le Meschin, Lord of Skipton-in-Craven: Bornabout 1072, of Gernon Castle, Normandy, France; Married about 1093, of Yorkshire, England; Cecily De Romilly, Lady of Skipton-in-Craven: Born about 1100, of Normandy, France.
  • Cecily's Father--
    • i. Robert De Romilly: Born about 1072, of Normandy, France. He held the manor of Molland in Devon which he willed to his granddaughter Maud Le Meschin.
  • William's Parents--
    • ii. Ranulf II, Viscount of Bayeux: Born before 1050, of Normandy, France; Died 1129; Married about 1066, Normandy, France; Margaret (Maud) Le Goz D'Avranches: Born about 1054, of Avranches, Normandy, France; Died after 1084. (See De Clare)

Alan's Parents--

6. Geoffrey, Vicomte De Rohan-Porhoët: Born about 1070, of Guilliers, Morbihan, France; Died 1142; Married about 1105070, of Guilliers, Morbihan, France; Hawise of Brittany: Died 1141.

Geoffrey's Parents, Grandparents, and Great-Grandparents--

• I. Eudon I Viscount De Rohan-Porhoët: Born about 1031, of Guilliers, Morbihan, France; Married about 1055, of Guilliers, Morbihan, France; Anne De Leon: Born about 1035, of Guilliers, Morbihan, France.
  • A. Joscelin De Rohan: Born about 1010, of Guilliers, Morbihan, France; Died 1074.
    • i. Guetenoch De Rohan: Born about 985, of Guilliers, Morbihan, France; Married about 1007, of Guilliers, Morbihan, France; Allarum De Rohan: Born about 990, of Guilliers, Morbihan, France.

Hawise's Parents--

The Arms of Brittany: Checky or and azure within a bordure of the first, a canton ermine .

7. Alan IV "Fergent", Duke of Brittany: Born about 1084, Bretagne, Indre, France; Died 1119; Married about 1095, Brittany, France; Ermengarde of Anjou: Born about 1072, Bretagne, Indre, France; Died 1 June 1147. (See Counts of Gantais)

8. Hoel, Duke of Brittany: Died 13 April 1904; Married Hawise, Duchess of Brittany: Died 1072.

Hawise's Parents--

9. Alan III, Duke of Brittany: Died 1040; Married about 1027; Bertha of Blois: Died 1084/1085. (See Counts of Blois)

10. Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany: Married Hawise of Normandy.

Hawise's Parents--

• I. Richard I "the Fearless", Duke of Normandy: Born 28 August 933, of Normandy, France; Died 20 November 996, Fecamp, Seine-Inferieure, France; Had issue with a concubine: Born about 935, of Normandy, France. (See The Kings of England)

Geoffrey's Parents--

11. Conan I, Duke of Brittany: Born 927, of Brittany, France; Died 29 June 992; Married about 952, France; Ermangarde D'Anjou, Duchess of Brittany: Born about 952, of Anjou, France, Died 27 June 992.

Ermengarde's Father--

12. Geoffrey I "Greymantle", Count of Anjou: Born about 938, of Anjou, France; Died 21 Jul 987; Married 2 March 950/1, France; Adelaide De Vermandois: Born about 934, of Vermandois, Normandy, France; Died after 982. (See Counts of Semur for her other husband, 1033)

Adelaide's Parents--

• I. Robert, Count of Vermandois: Born about 918, of Vermandois, Normandy, France; Died 29 August 968; Married before 950; Adelais "Were", Countess of Vermandois: Born about 914, of Bourgogne, Marneogne, France; Died 19 August 967. (See Counts of Vermandois)

Geoffrey's Parents--

13. Fulk II "the Good", Count of Anjou: Born about 909, of Anjou, France; Died 11 November 958, Tours, France; Married 2 March 979; Gerberge Du Maine: Born about 913, of Maine, France; Died about 952.

Gerberge's Father--

• I. Rotbold II, Count of Arles: Born about 878, of Arles, France.

Fulk's Parents--

14. Fulk I "the Red", Count of Anjou: Born about 870, of Anjou, France; Died 938; Married before 5 Jul 905; Roscille De Loches, Countess of Anjou: Born about 874, of France.

Roscille's Father--

• I. Garnier De Villentrois, Seigneur De Loches: Born about 844, of Loches, France.

Fulk's Parents--

15. Ingelger I, Count of Anjou and Orleans: Born about 845, of Anjou, France; Died about 893, St Martin, Tours, Indre-et-Loire, France; Married about 869, of France; Aelinde (Rescinde) De Amboise, Countess of Anjou: Born about 844, of Tours, France.

16. Tertulle, Count of Anjou: Born about 821, of Rennes, Anjou, France; Married about 844, Anjou, France; Petronilla, Countess of Anjou: Born about 825, of Rhineland, Prussia.

Tertulle's Father--

• I. Torquat (Tortulfe) De Rennes: Born about 800, of Rennes, Anjou, France.

Petronillia's Parents--

17. Hugo "L'Abbe" De La Franks: Born about 794, of Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia; Died 7 June 844.

18. Charlemagne, Emperor of Holy Roman Empire, King of the Franks: Born 2 April 742, Ingelheim, Rheinhessen, Hesse-Darmstadt; Died 28 January 814, Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia; Had issue with Regina or Reginopycrha, a concubine: Born about 770, of Aachen, Rhineland, Prussia. Charlemagne, or Charles the Great, Carolingian King of the Franks, came to rule over most of Europe and assumed (800) the title of Roman emperor. He is sometimes regarded as the founder of the Holy Roman Empire.

In 768 he and his brother Carloman inherited the Frankish kingdom (most of present-day France and a part of western Germany) from their father Pepin the Short. The entire kingdom passed to Charlemagne when Carloman died in 771.

Charlemagne inherited great wealth and a strong military organization from his father and brother. He used these assets to double the territory under Carolingian control. In 772 he opened his offensive against the Saxons, and for more than three decades he pursued a ruthless policy aimed at subjugating them and converting them to Christianity. Almost every year Charlemagne attacked one or another region of Saxon territory. Mass executions--4,500 Saxons were executed on a single day in 782--and deportations were used to discourage the stubborn.

The Saxons proved to be a far more difficult enemy than any of the other peoples subjugated by Charlemagne. For example, the Lombards were conquered in a single extended campaign (773-74), after which Charlemagne assumed the title "king of the Lombards." In 788 he absorbed the duchy of Bavaria, and soon thereafter he launched an offensive against the Avar empire. The Avars succumbed within a decade, yielding Charlemagne a vast hoard of gold and silver. After one disastrous campaign (778) against the Muslims in Spain, Charlemagne left the southwestern front to his son Louis. The latter (later Emperor Louis I), with the help of local Christian rulers, conquered Barcelona in 801 and controlled much of Catalonia by 814.

On Christmas Day, 800, Charlemagne accepted the title of emperor and was crowned by Pope Leo III. For several years after, he regarded the imperial title as being of little value. Moreover, he intended to divide his lands and titles among his sons, as was the Frankish custom. At his death on Jan. 28, 814, however, only one son, Louis, survived; Louis therefore assumed control of the entire Frankish empire.

The internal organization of Charlemagne's empire varied from region to region. In much of what is today France, and especially in the south, the old Roman civitates (fortified cities) served as the focus of most important aspects of political, military, religious, and social organization. Both the Count of the city, appointed by Charlemagne as his representative, and the bishop made their respective headquarters in the civitates. The Count or his agent led the local army, and the walls of the civitates afforded protection for the inhabitants both of the city and the nearby countryside.

In those parts of the empire which had not been part of the Roman world, Charlemagne made an effort to impose a similar system. He divided newly conquered lands into pagi (districts), which were placed under the jurisdiction of Counts who exercised the same kind of administrative powers as their counterparts to the west. Charlemagne also sought to establish these new pagi as dioceses. In frontier areas, Charlemagne often established districts that were essentially military in their purpose and organization; these were called marks or marches.

Local customs were everywhere perpetuated by recognition of traditional laws. The laws, some unwritten, of each of the various peoples of the Carolingian empire, such as Salian Franks, Ripuarian Franks, Romans, Saxons, Lombards, Bavarians, Thuringians, and Jews, were codified; if local codes already existed, they were recognized. This judicial autonomy enjoyed by the several peoples of the empire indicates the diversity that not only existed but flourished under Charlemagne. The emperor did, however, legislate to provide a system by which these various peoples could interact.

The central administration of the empire, like the local administrations, was rudimentary. A palatine court followed Charlemagne on his numerous campaigns; during the later years of his life, when he remained at Aachen, the court stayed there. Charlemagne also sent missi dominici, high-ranking agents of the central government, from the court to see that his orders, often cast in the form of capitularies (ordinances divided into capitula, or chapters), were enforced. As part of his administrative efforts, Charlemagne sought to standardize weights, measures, and coinage. He also made an attempt to control and develop trade. To these ends he strongly encouraged the development of Jewish communities.

Charlemagne's concern for administration and his interest in seeing the church function effectively led him to encourage a rudimentary educational system based in monasteries. Thus a small group of clerical and lay administrators attained a useful level of literacy. Charlemagne left the development and implementation of this system largely to Alcuin. The latter's work led to what some scholars have called the Carolingian Renaissance. At Charlemagne's court a group of scholars was gathered that included men from England, Spain, and Italy, as well as native Franks and probably Jews.

Charlemagne has been credited with great political and humanitarian vision and a devout religious bent; as a result, some have been led to think of his military ventures as crusades. In fact, he was a gluttonous and superstitious illiterate, or semiliterate, who had a considerable capacity for brutality. His accomplishments were due mostly to the energy with which he pursued his military goals and the ruthlessness with which he treated any opponents. Nonetheless, his achievements were considerable, and the effect of his conquests was to spread Roman Christianity across central Europe.

19. Pepin III "the Short", King of the Franks: Born 714, Austrasia; Died 24 September 768, St. Denis, Paris, Seine, France; Married about 740; Bertrada "Bertha Bigfeet", Countess of Laon, Queen of the Franks: Born about 720, Laon, Aisne, France; Died 12 Jul 783, Choisy, Haute-Savoie, France. Pepin III was the first Carolingian King of the Franks (rex francorum) and the father of Charlemagne. Pepin and his brother Carloman succeeded (741) their father, Charles Martel, as mayors of the palace; during the next six years they crushed a half dozen serious revolts in Bavaria, Alamannia, Saxony, and Aquitaine. With the realm at peace Carloman entered a monastery (747). Three years later Pepin altered the long-standing pro-Lombard policy of his family and arranged with Pope Zacharias to support the papacy in return for papal sanction of Carolingian usurpation of the Frankish kingship. Thus Pepin deposed (751) King Childeric III and was anointed King of the Franks. To preserve his bond with the papacy, Pepin crushed the Lombards when they threatened Rome (754, 756). He ceded conquered territories to the pope (the Donation of Pepin), thus establishing the basis for the Papal States. Pepin also crushed revolts in Saxony (748, 753) and Bavaria (749) and conquered Aquitaine. He was succeeded by his sons, Charlemagne and Carloman.

Bertranda's Parents--

• I. Claribert I (Heribert), Count of Laon: Born about 690, of Laon, Aisne, France; Married 719; Bertrada, Countess of Laon: Born about 695, of Laon, Aisne, France.

Pepin's Parents--

20. Charles "Martel" or "The Hammer", Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia: Born 676, of Heristal, Liege, Belgium; Died 22 October 741, Quierzy, Aisne, France; Married Rotrude (Chrotude), Duchess of Austrasia: Born about 690, of Austrasia, France; Died about 724. The Frankish ruler Charles Martel, was the first Carolingian to bring most of what is today France under his control. He was the illegitimate son of Pepin of Heristal, mayor of the palace in Austrasia. When his father died (714) Charles fought for five years against Pepin's widow, Plectrude; Ragemfred, mayor of the palace in Neustria; and Radbod, Duke of the Frisians, to secure his position as mayor.

From 719 until his death, Charles worked to expand Carolingian domination. In 732 or 733 he stopped the Muslim Arab advance northward from Spain in a celebrated battle between Poitiers and Tours. He conquered (733) Burgundy and thereafter fought steadily in the south of France. Although Charles supported the Christian mission of St. Boniface in Germany, he declined to help Pope Gregory III against the Lombards in Italy. When Charles died he was succeeded as mayor of the palace by his sons Pepin the Short and Carloman.

To understand the importance of Charles Martel (meaning Charles "the Hammer"), it is necessary to appreciate the situation of the last Merovingian Kings of Francia and to understand what historians generally refer to as the crisis of the mid-8th century, namely, the expansion of Islam and the sealing off of the Mediterranean. After the reign of Dagobert I (629-639) the Merovingian royal house was weakened by the fact that none of the latter kings survived until manhood. Therefore in the 7th century the real power of government was exercised by the mayors of the palace. These officials controlled the royal treasury, dispersed patronage, and granted land and privileges in the name of the King.

The Merovingian kingdom of Gaul comprised two major subkingdoms, Nuestria (The northwestern portion) and Austrasia (northeastern Gaul and the Rheinland), each of which was ruled by a mayor of the palace. The respective rullers of the two kingdoms fought bitterly for supremacy, and in 687 at the battle of Testry, the Austrasian mayor, Pepion of Herstal, defeated the Nuestrian mayor and united the two kingdoms. It was thus the task of Pepin and his son Charles Martel to restore centralized government in the Frankish kingdom and to combat the expanding power of Islam.

Charles Martel was the illegitimate son of Pepin of Herstal and a noblewoman named Alpaide. When Pepin died in 714, Charles successfully asserted his claims to power over the resistance of Pepin's widow, Plectrude, and became mayor of the palace. Charles attracted and maintained a group of personal retainers who formed the core of the royal army. Most of his reign as mayor of the palace was spent in checking the expansion of the Saracens in southern France and in the Rhone- Salone Valley.

In October 732 Charles won a major victory against the Saracens outside Poitiers despite the fact the invaders were mounted and the Franks were on foot. The battle, aside from temporarily checking the expansion of the Moslems, was of long-range significance because it was here that Charles became convinced of the necessity of cavalry. After Poitiers, Charles developed the cavalry as his primary offensive fighting force. This change, however, proved highly expensive, and the cost of supporting and training men on horseback lead to the adoption of a means of support that had far-reaching consequences. Charles found it necessary to "borrow" considerable lands from the Church; he then dispersed these properties among his lay retainers. The old army of Frankish freemen became less important, and gradually a considerable social distinction developed between the mounted kinght and the ordinary foot soldier. Thus the elite class of mounted warriors who dominated medieval France owed their origins to the military policy of Charles Martel.

In his efforts to maintain unity in the Frankish realm and to combat the Saracens, Charles relied heavily on the support of the Church and particularly on that of Boniface, the great missionary to the Germans. Charles encouraged the missionary efforts of Boniface and in return received new territories and considerable ecclesiastical revenues to support his fighting force. His role as protector of Christendom lay primarily in his wars against the Saracens. In 739 Pope Gregory III asked him to defend the Holy See against the Lombards; Charles, however, did not intervene because of an earlier treaty with the Lombards.

One final act, or rather a failure to act, was to have great significance on the future. When Theodric IV, the nominal Merovingian King, died in 737, Charles--unlike all the previous mayors--did not bother to replace him. Thus Charles' son Pepin the Short could later lay claim to a vacant throne and establish the Carolingian dynasty. After Charles' death his lands were divided between his sons; Carloman took the east and Pepin the west. But, once the succession was assured, Carloman became a monk, and Pepin had all of his father's lands and powers. Not surprisingly, he took the title of King in 751.

Rotrude's Parents and Grandparents--

• I. Leutwinus, Bishop of Treves: Born about 665, of Austrasia; Died 713.
  • A. Count Warinus: Died 677; Married Kunza:

Charles' Parents--

21. Pepin II "le Gros," of Herstal, Mayor of Austrasia: Born about 635, of Heristal, Liege, Belgium; Died 16 December 714, Junille, Meuse, France; Had issue begining about 675 with Alpaide: Born about 654, of Heristal, Liege, Belgium; Died Orplegrandmonast, Brabant, Vosges, France. As Pepin came to adulthood, his position was extremely precarious. His uncle Grimoald had succeeded his grandfather Pepin I as mayor of the palace and totally dominated the ineffective Merovingian King Sigibert III. Grimoald went so far as to prevail upon Sigibert to adopt as his son and successor his own son Childebert. Sigibert seems to have been childless when this bargain was struck, though later he had a son, Dagobert, who was exiled to Ireland. Childebert did reign for a time, perhaps from 656 to 662 but certainly after 660. Grimoald's pretensions angered many in the Frankish kingdoms, and in about 662 he and his son were murdered.

It seemed as though the political fortunes of Pepin's family had been checked, although they were not ruined entirely: Pepin became Duke of Austrasia, an office whose precise significance is difficult to gauge. A powerful rival to Pepin's family, Wolfoald, was installed as mayor of the palace under the new King Childeric II who was a puppet for the Nuestrian nobility. Pepin meanwhile used his position as a Duke, his vast wealth and the Austrasian distaste for Nuestrian dominance to begin rebuilding his family's political fortunes. Twice Pepin II lead the Austrasians in battle against the Nuestrians. At Tetry in 687 he won a major and decisive victory, seizing control of the Nuestrian King Theuderic III and his treasure. By this act he became mayor of all the Merovingian kingdoms.

Throughout the Frankish realms, Pepin II kept close control of the key bishoprics, such as those of Rheims in Nuestria and Lyons in Burgundy. He also continued the family tradition of founding and promoting monasteries, and he supported missionaries, especially in Frisia. These actions brought his wealth, prestige, and talent. Once he had settled internal Frankish affairs Pepin turned to an aggressive military policy against the Saxons, Frisians, Alemans, Bavarians, Aquitainians, Gascons and Bretons. With virtually all of these peoples Pepin established relations on terms advantageous to the Franks.

22. Ansigise, Mayor of Austrasia, Duke of Brabant: Born about 607, of Austrasia, France; Died 678, in the Andene Monastery; (See The Riparian Branch of the Merovingian House) Married St. Begga (Beggue) of Austrasia: Born about 613, of Landen, Liege, Belgium; Died 698. Ansigise was mayor of the palace of Austrasia for Seigbert. Arnulf, Bishop of Metz supported Clothair II of Nuestria to unite the Merovingian kingdoms and in 613 was rewarded with the bishopric of Metz. He and Pepin I cemented their alliance with the marriage of their two children, Ansgise and Begga. Their child Pepin II, the principal heir of this marriage became through this double inheritance the greatest landowner after the King in Austrasia, perhaps in the whole Frankish world. The following excerpt is taken from Butler's Lives of Saints, December 17th:

Pepin of Landen, mayor of the palace to three Frankish kings and himself commonly called Blessed, was married to a saint Itta or Ida, and two of their three children figure in the Roman Martyrology: St. Gertrude of Nivelles and her elder sister St. Begga. Gertrude refused to marry and was an abbess soon after she was twenty, but Begga married Ansgeisus son of St. Arnulf of Metz, and spent practically all of her life as a nobleman's wife "in the world". Of this union was born Pepin of Herstal, founder of the Carolingian dynasty in France. After the death of her husband, St. Begga in 691 built at Andenne on the Meuse seven chapels representing the Seven Churches of Rome, around a central church, and in connection therewith she established a convent and colonized it with nuns from her long-dead sister's abbey at Nivelles. It afterwards became a house of the canoness and the Lateran canons regularly commemorate St. Begga as belonging to their order. She is also venerated by the Beguines of Belgium as their patroness, but the common statement that she founded them is a mistake due to the similarity of the names. St Begga died abbess of Andenne and was buried there. (p. 579)

St. Begga's Parents--

23. Pepin I of Landen, Mayor of Austrasia: Born about 591, of Landen, Liege, Belgium; Died 639; Married Itte (Itta) of Austrasia: Born about 597, of Landen, Austrasia, France; Died 652. Pepin is remembered as one of the two founding ancestors, along with Arnulf, Bishop of Metz, of the Carolingian dynasty, but this conception is anachronistic because no one in the mid seventh century could have known that his great-great-grandson, Pepin III, would become King in 775. Pepin's career is in reality one of the most revealing of the aristocratic politics in the Frankish world.

Pepin was one of the greatest landowners in Austrasia (East Francia), with vast estates in what is now eastern Belgium, near a site called Landen (hence his name.) His landholdings were augmented in the region around Trier by his marriage to Itta, a noble heiress and sister of Bishop Metalloid of Trier. Pepin supported the efforts of King Clothair II of Nuestria to unite the Merovingian kingdoms in 613 and was rewarded with the office of Mayor of the Palace in Austrasia.

In the Roman and barbarian territories the mayor was the highest ranking servant in a household.In the royal Merovingian household, the mayor was the most important free member of the king's followers and by the sixth century was the leader of the King's personal followers. The exact duties of the mayor of the palace are unclear. Apparently they included powers of control and justice over all the people who surrounded the royal palace. In the absence of the King the mayor apparently presided over royal councils. He was in charge of the royal finances and supervised the royal treasury. He also controlled the appointment of provincial officials.

Pepin I used his mayoral office, his wealth, his monastic foundations, his growing control of bishoprics, and his powerful personality to achieve a position of unprecedented power in the Frankish world. Although he entered a temporary eclipse in the 630s engineered by King Dagobert I and the powerful Adalgisel-Grimo clan, he overcame most rivals, recovered his mayoral office, and handed the office to his son Grimoald. More than anyone else Pepin transformed the mayoral office from a simple court dignity to a post equal to and eventually greater than the monarchy.

Pepin's Father--

• I. Carloman, Mayor of Austrasia: Born about 550, of Landen, Liege, Belgium; Died 645. Carloman may have been as many as 18 years older than Pepin's mother.

Itte's Parents--

24. Arnoldus, Bishop of Metz.

25. Arnoldus of Saxony: Born about 562, of Old Saxony, Germany; Died 601; Married Oda of Saxony: Born about 562, of Austrasia.

26. Senator Ansbertus: Born about 536, of Old Saxony, Germany; Married Berthe (or Aldeberge, or Blithildis) of Kent: Born about 541, of Paris, Seine, France; Died 580. Ansbertus was a Gallo-Roman Senator.

Berthe's Parents and Grandparents--

• I. Charlbert I, King of Paris: Born 520, of Paris, Seine, France; Died 7 May 567/568; Married Ingoberge, Queen of Paris: Born about 520, of Paris, Seine, France; Died 589.
  • A. Clotaire I, King of the Franks: Born about 497, Rheims, Marne, Loire-Alantique, France; Died 23 November 561, Braines, Loire Atlantique, France; Married, France; Ingonde, Queen of the Franks: Born about 499/502, Thuringia, Germany.
    • i. Clovis "the Riparian", Frankish King of Cologne: Born about 465/466, of Rheims, Marne, Loire-Atlantique, France; Died 27 November 511, Saint Pierre, France; Married about 492, Rheims, Marne, Loire-Atlantique, France; St. Clothilda, Princess of Burgundy: Born about 475, Bourgogne, France; Died 3 June 548 (or 545), Tours, Ingre-et-Loire, France. (See The Riparian Branch of the Merovingian House)

Ausbert's Father--

27. Tonatius.

28. Tonantius Ferreolus, Praetorian Prefect of Gaul: Born before 451; Died after 475.

29. Ferreolus, Duke of Moselle: Born about 511; Married Miss Syagrius.

Miss Syagrius' Father and Grandfather--

• I. Afranius Syagrius, "Rex Romanorum", Galo-Roman Consul: Born before 381. Afranius Syagrius was the last Roman ruler of territory in Gaul. He held the lands that separated the Bretons and the Franks. He was defeated by Clovis the Riparian.
  • A. Aegidius, Magister Militum Per Gallias: Died after 466. He was appointed to his command by Emperor Majorian. Aegidius was one of the last commanders of the Roman troops in Gaul. He died leading a rebel band of Roman troops. Richimer the Patrician of the Western Empire effectively ruled the territory. He was disturbed by Emperor Majoran's activity in the portion of the empire that Richimer controlled. When Aegidius threatened to march on Italy, Richimer only prevented him from doing so by using the Visigoths and Burgundians against him. These allies needed to be rewarded and Aegidius was removed from the office of Magister Militum and the title was given to Gundiuc, King of Burgundy.

Ferreolus's Father--

30. Sigmerius Tonantius: Born about 486; Died 491.

31. Clodius "Long Haired", King of the Franks: Born about 395, Westphalia, Germany; Died 447/449; Married, France; Basina, Queen of the Franks: Born before 398, of Thuringia, Germany.

Basia's Parents--

• I. Wildephus, King of the Thurgingians: Reigned about 445.

Clodius' Parents--

32. Pharamond, King of the Franks: Born about 370, Westphalia, Germany; Died 427/430; Married 394; Argotta, Queen of the Franks: Born about 376, France. (See Dukes of the West Franks)

33. Marcomir, Duke of the Franks: Born about 347, of Germany; Died 404; Married 369.

34. Clodius, Duke of the Franks: Born about 324, of Germany; Died 389; Married 346.

35. Dagobert, Duke of the Franks: Born about 300, Germany; Died 379; Married 323.

36. Genebald, Duke of the Franks: Born about 262, Germany; Died 358; Married 299.

37. Dagobert, Duke of the Franks: Born about 230, of Germany; Married 250.

38. Walter, King of the Franks: Born before 289; Died 306; Married about 313.

39. Clodius III, King of the Franks: Born before 264; Died 298; Married about 284.

40. Bartherus, King of the Franks: Born about 238; Died 272.

41. Hilderic, King of the Franks: Born before 212; Died 253; Married about 237.

42. Sunno (Huano), King of the Franks: Born about 137; Died 213.

43. Farabert, King of the Franks: Born about 122; Died 186; Married about 136.

44. Clodmir IV, King of the Franks: Born about 104; Died 166; Married 121; Hafilda, Princess of Rugij: Born about 106.

Hafilda's Father--

• I. King Rugui.

Clodmir's Parents--

45. Marcomir IV, King of the Franks: Born before 128; Died 149; Married Althildis, Princess of Britain: Born before 125, of Britain.

Althildis' Father--

• I. Coel (Coilus) "Old King Cole", King of Britain: Born 125, of Britain; Died 170. (See Hywel's Line)

Marcomir's Parents--

46. Odomir, King of the Franks: Born before 114; Died 128.

47. Richemer, King of the Franks: Died 114.

48. Ratherius, King of the Franks.

49. Antenor IV, King of the Franks.

50. Clodemir II King of the Franks.

51. Marcomir III, King of the Franks.

52. Clodius (Clodie) II of the Franks: Reigned 20 A.D.

53. Frankus, King of the West Franks: Reigned 9 B.C.

54. Antharius of the Franks: Reigned 39 B.C.

55. Merodacus of the Franks: Reigned 95 B.C.

56. Clodimir of the Franks: Reigned 123 B.C.

57. Antenor II of the Franks: Reigned 143 B.C.

58. Clodius I of the Franks: Reigned 159 B.C.

58. Marcomir II of the Franks: Reigned 170 B.C.

59. Nicanor of the Franks: Reigned 198 B.C.; Married A Princess of Britain:

The Princess of Britian's Father--

• I. Elidure, King of Britain.

Nicanor's Father--

60. Clodomir I of the Franks: Reigned 232 B.C.

61. Bassanus of the Franks: Reigned 250 B.C.; Married A Princess of Orcades:

The Princess of Orcade's Father--

• I. The King of Orcades.

Bassanus' Father--

62. Diocles of the Franks: Reigned 294 B.C.

63. Hellenus of the Franks: Reigned 339 B.C.

64. Primus of the Franks: Reigned 358 B.C.

65. Atenor-Combra of the Franks: Reigned 384 B.C.

66. Marcomir I of the Franks: Reigned 412 B.C.

67. Antenor, King of the Cammerians: Alive 443 B.C.

68. Polydore of the Cammerians.

69. Astynax.

70. Hector, Govenor of Gaul.

71. Priam.

72. Lamedan.

73. Illus.

74. Tross.

75. Erecthonius.

76. Dara.

77. Mahol.

78. Serah (Zarah) (Twin of Pharez): Born about 1738 Hebron, Canaan, Palestine; Died about 1638 Rameses, Goshen, Egypt. (See Celtic Kings of Britain)